PH3203 Physics ForGeo informatics
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UNIT I ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
Electromagnetic Spectrum - radiation quantities - spectral quantities - relationship between luminous and radiant quantities - hemispherical reflectance, transmittance and absorbance, measurement of electromagnetic radiation - responsivity - normalization, radiating structures - thermal emission - fluorescent emission - Radiation principles - Planck‘s law, Wien’s Displacement Law, Stefan’s Boltzmann law, Kirchoff‘s law.
UNIT II INTERACTION OF EMR WITH ATMOSPHERE AND EARTH’S SURFACE
Introduction to atmosphere, atmospheric composition, atmospheric scattering, Raleigh scattering, Mie scattering, non-selective scattering -atmospheric absorption - atmospheric windows, refraction- interaction of EMR earth‘s surface - reflection - transmission - spectral signature - Reflectance characteristics of Earth‘s cover type: Vegetation, water, soil - Interaction of microwave with atmosphere and Earth‘s surface – Radar - Radar operating principle - radar equation - Side Looking Airborne Radar - Definitions: Incidence angle, look angle, depression angle, Azimuth angle – Spatial resolution in radar - Synthetic Aperture radar.
UNIT III OPTICS FOR REMOTE SENSING
Lenses, mirrors, prisms - Defects of lens - chromatic aberration - longitudinal chromatic aberration - achromatism of lenses - achromatism for two lenses in contact - separated by a distance - spherical aberration - minimization of Spherical aberration - coma astigmatism - Radiative Transfer Functions, Lamella Pack, Volume scattering - Principles of photography: black and white photography - sensitivity - speed - characteristic curve - developing and printing - basic colour photography - construction of colour films - film type - types of filter - and its uses.
UNIT IV GRAVITATION AND SATELLITES
Newton‘s law of gravitation - Gravitational field and potential - Determination of gravity, variation of acceleration due to gravity of the earth with depth and with altitude - Variation of acceleration due to gravity due to rotation of the earth – Refraction. Diffraction - Fresnel theory, Circular diffraction, Polarisation double refraction - Escape velocity - Kepler‘s law of planetary motion - Doppler effect – Satellites andits functions - Types of satellites –Indian satellites and their functions – contribution in earth observation, communication, navigation, weather, military and scientific purpose.
UNIT V ELECTRO - OPTIC SENSORS
Photomultipliers, photo resistors, photodiodes, nonselective detectors - Optical receivers, PIN and APD, optical preamplifiers, Detectors: Basic detector mechanisms, noise in detectors. Thermal and photo emissive detectors, Photoconductive and photovoltaic detectors, performance limits, Photographic, - Sensitivity, time and frequency response - hybrid photo detectors - Imaging detectors - eye and vision, photographic film. Camera tubes, solid-state arrays, video, Detector electronics, detector interfacing - Different CCD cameras.Orbital Mechanics, Concept of orbits- propulsion, aero dynamics, navigation guidance and control.
Electromagnetic Spectrum - radiation quantities - spectral quantities - relationship between luminous and radiant quantities - hemispherical reflectance, transmittance and absorbance, measurement of electromagnetic radiation - responsivity - normalization, radiating structures - thermal emission - fluorescent emission - Radiation principles - Planck‘s law, Wien’s Displacement Law, Stefan’s Boltzmann law, Kirchoff‘s law.
UNIT II INTERACTION OF EMR WITH ATMOSPHERE AND EARTH’S SURFACE
Introduction to atmosphere, atmospheric composition, atmospheric scattering, Raleigh scattering, Mie scattering, non-selective scattering -atmospheric absorption - atmospheric windows, refraction- interaction of EMR earth‘s surface - reflection - transmission - spectral signature - Reflectance characteristics of Earth‘s cover type: Vegetation, water, soil - Interaction of microwave with atmosphere and Earth‘s surface – Radar - Radar operating principle - radar equation - Side Looking Airborne Radar - Definitions: Incidence angle, look angle, depression angle, Azimuth angle – Spatial resolution in radar - Synthetic Aperture radar.
UNIT III OPTICS FOR REMOTE SENSING
Lenses, mirrors, prisms - Defects of lens - chromatic aberration - longitudinal chromatic aberration - achromatism of lenses - achromatism for two lenses in contact - separated by a distance - spherical aberration - minimization of Spherical aberration - coma astigmatism - Radiative Transfer Functions, Lamella Pack, Volume scattering - Principles of photography: black and white photography - sensitivity - speed - characteristic curve - developing and printing - basic colour photography - construction of colour films - film type - types of filter - and its uses.
UNIT IV GRAVITATION AND SATELLITES
Newton‘s law of gravitation - Gravitational field and potential - Determination of gravity, variation of acceleration due to gravity of the earth with depth and with altitude - Variation of acceleration due to gravity due to rotation of the earth – Refraction. Diffraction - Fresnel theory, Circular diffraction, Polarisation double refraction - Escape velocity - Kepler‘s law of planetary motion - Doppler effect – Satellites andits functions - Types of satellites –Indian satellites and their functions – contribution in earth observation, communication, navigation, weather, military and scientific purpose.